Which of the following is required to establish misrepresentation?

To establish misrepresentation, it is necessary to have an assertion in writing that is false. Misrepresentation occurs when one party provides information that is misleading or erroneous, which leads another party to enter into a contract based on that incorrect information. A written assertion is critical because it serves as tangible evidence of what was communicated and can establish that one party relied on this false information to their detriment. This written proof is essential in legal contexts to demonstrate the nature of the misrepresentation and its impact on the contract.

While verbal assertions can also lead to misrepresentation, they are often harder to prove than written assertions, as there may be no record of what was said. Similarly, vague assertions do not provide clear, concrete information that can be relied upon, making them less likely to meet the criteria for misrepresentation. Lastly, a true assertion cannot establish misrepresentation, as there would be no misleading information to misguide one party.